A long history of the totem

"Grasping Ji doll" as "grasping Ji Doll" is popular in the Yellow River Basin of the Loess Plateau folk paper-cut flowers a mission, the regiment took the center of the Loess Plateau is the symbol of protection and propagation of the Division of the universe, the god of "grasping Ji dolls." The arms have Beas Shenzhi, reproductive investment potential, Touzha double Ji Forum, the lower body scissors down Yu Yang male, female head with the corresponding two-Ji, Yin and Yang Yi Yu its gender is the unity of heaven and earth god of the universe. Scissors positive, is the worship of evil spirits Rang Shenzhi way to disaster. Min Yan says: "cone cut for peace, Wudu Nian out." Chinese folk art in the eyes of the universe, the god of the sun, civil as peonies for the Suns, the decorated with peonies binocular. Shuangru god of the universe for the binocular cicadas, cicadas for animal reproduction Shenzhi, YU Zi Sun Wanshi reelected continuously. Sheng around for the lotus symbol and symbols, "Sheng who is also Health", is also a symbol of reproductive and multiply, lotus represents many of the positive symbols.
Local Minyan this is the explanation: "Tong Li Lin from the osmanthus, the sons and daughters of pro-pro-nephew, blowing Sheng Jin Chan-sheng, a generation older generation Gengen," "persimmon wishful Babao-sheng, Lotus guitar-take root." The god of the universe have their hands around yin and yang, Beas, Beas tail intersection for the first 000 words of wealth that is the first of future generations continue to extend the life of symbols, the double bottom around wishful geometric symbols, is a well-known Jixiangruyi life symbols, With the title of grass around the rabbit God together, is the local Minyan of "grasping wishful Tuer, brothers and sisters move" means. Rabbits, homonym of spit, is son of God, the symbol of our future generations and multiply. Double-double wishful rabbit, which means even the son of Health, the equivalent of the Loess Plateau when people get married Baitian De likes to sing songs, "both of Walnut both date, both children ran full kang, the boy to good health, wearing Lanshandaiding son; custody woman To Coincidentally, pomegranates Peony take the hinge. "
Paper-cut paper-cut explanation of the Lao Tainiang meaning, said: "a cut in the Road to interesting." If one is a window grilles Xintian You northern Shaanxi folk songs, such as complicated as "grasping Ji doll" can be called civil Paper-cut in the symphony. It was 6000 before the Yangshao culture of Xi'an Banpo painted pottery pots, "Beas people face," variations of the symbols.
The Loess Plateau in Gansu's Longdong Town Folk Paper-cut "Beas dolls", is about yin and yang, Beas. This fish around the Beas to grasp Ji dolls paper cutting, in Qingyang, Gansu Province, Gansu is can be seen everywhere along the Loess Plateau, its cultural content and artistic form is the same. Luochuan area of the Loess Plateau in Shaanxi to grasp the snake and the dragon dolls Ji Ji grasping doll, its meaning is the same. Folk art in China, fish, snakes (Long), the same frog, are interchangeable. Banpo painted pottery Beas people of Shaanxi, Shanxi, Gansu folk art works in the face of the Beas people grasping Ji dolls dates back to Banpo unearthed in Shaanxi in 6000 before the Yangshao culture of painted pottery, "Beas people face" logo. It is easy to live it and hunting and fishing together, that it is primitive society Banpo people hunting and fishing reflect the true portrayal of life, and netted around on both sides of the two symbols are considered symbols fishing nets. As the only painted pottery on the head, according to this line of thought then it was described as follows: "two nets were open, two body into the water, leaving only Xiatou and shoulders remain in the water outside. As part of feet underwater to see Unclear, so instead of painting, but you can get from the map in China and Italy will be underwater Moyu. They take on both sides of the crowded Wai touch, to net fish to escape. Moyu people because all the attention in the underwater So subconsciously, a binocular-This is the real face Moyu then, is one of the true Moyu Weimiaoweixiao map. "(" Opinion on几幅painted pottery patterns "," Central Plains Heritage "in 1987 [1]) However In my opinion, the primitive society and folk art creators are groups of common cultural symbols password to express the Chinese philosophy of the primitive.
Do not understand China primitive philosophy, they do not understand the philosophy and symbols password, it is impossible to interpret China's art and archaeology of folk art. Fish to be fair, folk art groups to create the concept of the Beas, in fact, not a natural attribute of the fish, it is the concept of yin and yang attributes of the fish symbol, painted pottery pots Center Liangtiao Yu rotating in the opposite direction, the fish is a kind of yin and yang Central rotation That life eternal life off going and future generations the concept of symbols. Folk art in the Beas people face-painted pottery basin Beas people who face, this area popular with the Yin and Yang Ji Beas and grasp the unity of folk paper-cut dolls echoes, the performance of the ancestor of life in the universe is God. It's a closed eyes (Banpo painted pottery were unearthed in the face) Yizheng (Jiangzhai painted pottery were unearthed in the face), this is not the natural shape of the eyes, but ideology eyes. Of the universe to God's eyes opened that day, Yang, day, is closed up, overcast, night. In Chinese folk art, an eye for an eye to the sun and the moon or the sun is the concept of a universal, Poyi paintings of rural farmers in northern Shaanxi painting, painting people's eyes and face painting tiger, the eyes are painted circular, Painting in the round eyes Yanbai the middle, not to be obscured from top to bottom eyelid. Their eyes shut is that the moon, the sun is opened, so to draw a bright, painted in luminous. I think this is the concept of the original group.
"Net" symbol Chinese folk art in common a "net" symbols, is a primitive society to the world today, the popular meaning of life is going symbols, is mankind's common cultural genetic code. It is spread over thousands of years in China's "double-smug" symbol, also known as "nosy" symbols, and variations of the name of its extremely rich. Unearthed in Shaanxi's Xi'an Banpo-Yangshao culture "of people with fish," painted pottery pots on the so-called "net" is the source symbol "10" symbols and "X" symbol. "10" is the superficial sun symbol, but "X" different, "X" on behalf of the rotating sun symbol and rotating symbols of the universe. The former is a square, the two sides and the box-shaped symbol, which is netted and diamond symbols, the so-called net symbol of life.
For thousands of years, these two types of symbols to the extremely rich variations in West Asia, China and even worldwide epidemic, including the accumulation in the Community, life rituals, customs and festivals, folk beliefs, taboos social life. We tomb stone relief from Shandong can be seen in the title of the Red Bird Luo Dan book, Banpo painted pottery decoration is the "net" sign. The spread of northern Shaanxi folk "-gourd" and "snake-nine eggs" pictorial, Hebei civil "gossip" and "gourd sets Founder," Weihe River Basin dolls pomegranate Zhenshang relative of both the "snake-nine eggs" (that is, "Health and Long-9"), the popular Perry today's society and played in front of the bed in the room, "Chinese knot" This is the so-called "net" sign. "Chinese knot" and so are its variations. Northern Shaanxi people's fanaticism flourishing of the Spring Festival each year to nine folk activities, and take the Jiugong gossip is the road map.
China's western hinterland Buer Da muddy soil Valley Hill area of Baja hair rock paintings in the ditch and the sun symbol that appears relatively nets life symbols, are still in the western Gannan, Qinghai and Tibet and Qiang regions on both sides of buildings and tents as Jixiangruyi Symbol widely popular. With the introduction of Buddhism from India, the Jixiangruyi as a symbol of Buddhism, "Babao" one of the symbols, widespread in China. Wen painted pottery and dance "five dolls" paper-cut in 1973, in Datong County, Qinghai Sun Wen Jiazhai unearthed painted pottery pots of dance, Neolithic Majiayao type is a typical representative of one of the Yangshao culture, its main symbol is hand in hand The doll, a group of five, a total of three sets of symbols. In Chinese folk art and are often seen in this pictorial. The dance was named Wen painted pottery pieces of design, by some scholars as the dance scene dancing hand in hand, but I see it show in northern Shaanxi Lao Tainiang, they said this is "five dolls", not " Dancing dolls. " In northern Shaanxi it called the "five dolls", that is what God five parties in the north and south, in northern Shaanxi is the witch customs activities over the past frequently used in paper-cut. Doll disease, with five yellow sheet of paper cut hand in hand "five dolls", with wicker provoked, Niannianyouci from patients lying on the Kangshang拂过, and then claimed 22 American lives and a bowl of water, the five parties of God burning Cheng Hui, scattered over the bowl, while holding a doll clothes, dolls shouted the name of the way, the water pouring in five Road, and then shouted the name of dolls come back. At that time, people believe, so that the disease will be good dolls. This paper-cut Some also Xuanyu lintels cast for the home town of evil spirits, called "handle dolls", the number of some seven, some three, five or nine, but must be a positive singular. Some of pumpkin and black bean component, called "melon seeds dolls", affixed to the interior, the town is also home to evil spirits.

As for the concept of symbols

Chinese folk art form of art-primitive philosophy Changbiaoxianwei China "concept of admission as" the symbol of philosophy.

Primitive society, because people in the struggle with nature in a weak position, especially those with superhuman ability of animals into the eyes of the people and animal totem animal Shen Chi. If a human can not achieve more than the number of births Sun's ability to produce fish, toad, frog, with water as was the mother negative cultural totem symbols. Another example is difficult to conquer the snake, tiger, bull, wild boar, bears, birds can fly and butterflies, and in the mountains and cliffs on top of running the antelope, as the days have been positive and the sun's cultural totem symbols, etc. . For thousands of years, these symbols have been used, as all ethnic groups and regions of the geographical features of folk art symbol password.

National Grassland in north China in ancient times to reflect the concept of the sun deer totem worship symbols, and still is, the northern grasslands of folk art and cultural totem symbols; Liaohe River Basin in the primitive society Hongshan Culture pigs and the dragon totem worship, is still here the characteristics of folk art Symbolic of the Yellow River in the upper reaches of the Yangshao culture of worshipping the earth worship the Yellow Emperor clan tribal totem worship Guiyi fish and frogs Shenzhi worship, from Gansu to the Guanzhong Plain of Fuxi, Yan Di and Qiang ancient tribal clan Chong-day concept of the Chongyang Tigers, cows, sheep totem worship, the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Ancient Yue Hemudu culture of the tribal clan Chongyang Chong-day bird totem worship, and entered the north of Shandong Dawenkou Culture and Shandong formed in the Longshan Culture bird totem worship, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Three Miao Chiyou Jiu Li Chong-day tribal groups Chongyang cattle totem worship, all the way to the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, is still its regional folk art symbol password.

China's natural attributes of animals and world, yin and yang concept linked to the return of some animals for days, as the positive animal; symbol of the day, the animals and yang symbol, the animal's Fitness Yam, as heaven and earth intersect, Consistency of the universe, yin and yang symbol. Chinese totem worship of animals and animal worship in the Shenqi tiger, cattle, sheep, birds, bears, pigs, dogs, chickens, are the days and yang symbol, the dragon, the snake, turtles, fish, frog, all with water A symbol of the dragon is territorial and mating in the first days of the Forum-the totem animal. (Long is the original, belongs to the water, the sky was later to become the symbol of the emperor's men, and the sky instead of the Phoenix became a symbol of female Queen's.) Symbolic days of Shen Chi-yang symbol of the totem animal and Shen Chi Yin's totem animal Fitness , And is days, the concept of yin and yang philosophy and unity. This is very unique. For example, the dragon is Yu Yu water to the cultural totem symbols, the national integration in the evolution of the nation's cultural symbols. Long and the various ethnic groups have their own representation of the totem together, there have been a pig-long Liaohe River, Yellow River in the upper reaches of the tiger-head-long, middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River to the Yangtze River's middle and lower reaches of the birds head-long, the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in the Lower Ngau Tau Lung, and so on. Chinese folk art in common in the "tiger-head fish," "Jitou fish", the combination of the two animals into an animal, but also coincide world, men and women intersection of cultural symbols. In addition, "the title of chicken fish", "the title of bird fish", a combination of the two animals are world unity, unity of yin and yang, on behalf of primitive society groups philosophy of cultural symbols.
Chinese folk art in there is another symbol of Yin and Yang Shen Chi consistency of animals and animal totem symbols, is the animal pairs with a relative in the tree of life, in the "silk road" in very general pattern brocade. The totem in two rivers in primitive society, this pattern of life for the performance of trees, animals on both sides of the relative Shen Chi is the tree of life Gongwei, but such a totem to China, the animal relative, he was given a yin-yang and , And Pin Committee with the philosophy of attributes. Chinese totem in the primitive society of fish, the toad, the snake, the tiger, deer, the birds are relatively Mu Pin, yin and yang of human reproduction consistency of all things Shenzhi animal totem animal or philosophical symbols, which were won-day rotation The Beas, double toad, Shuanglu, double the sheep, two birds, is the concept of Yin and Yang and Sang Sang symbol of the unity of philosophy. When we see such symbols, to understand it represents the cultural connotations. Two totem animal and animal relative Shen Qi, Sun Wen in the upper middle symbols, such as "Erlongxizhu", "Phoenix Chaoyang", or in the middle of the tree of life symbols, such as the "tree of life on the deer," "Life on sheep Tree, "" monkey tree of life "and so on, all this reflects the cultural connotation.

Chinese folk art works in the opposite direction relative animal rotation, rotation of the universe is the world going symbol. Original art and folk art, common Beas rotation, rotating three fish, four fish rotation, are considered such. Common birds rotating two-, three birds rotation, the four birds rotation, also have the same meaning. Sometimes the fish and fish will also describe the rotation in the symbol of the universe or the mother of containers at the bottom of the abdomen, Yiyu the rotation, will be the phoenix bird rotating objects in the upper part depicts or Kouyan, Yi Yu-day rotation.
Shen Qi in the worship of animals, animal birth and more often known as the god of the proliferation of God. Rat is the son of God, Min Yan said the Rat, "It's the smallest, but the 12 largest animal in it." "Rats eat pumpkin," "rat Chi Putao," "rat Touyou" (Yu responsible for the tank to propagate the mother), are content of the performance of more than symbols. Woodcut New Year pictures and folk paper-cut "rat married woman" in the mice are of God, rats in the annual Chinese Lunar New Year Chuqi "person-days" when women marry, the proliferation of all things human meaning. Birth of the rabbit is more of God, the symbol of our future generations to propagate, such as "Tuer eat cabbage." "Snake-Rabbit" a reflection of the snake totem of the proliferation of raising children and grandchildren to protect the image.
Chinese folk art in many forms of radiation center field eight feet and limbs of insects or animals, be seen as admission of view as the sun symbol, such as crabs, spiders, scorpions, beetles, centipede, and so on. Their original ancient Egypt is the Nile Basin and the two rivers ancient Babylonian sun symbol, in the primitive society has subsequently along the "Silk Road" from the west into China. Now China's western Gansu, the Guanzhong Plain in the "Silk Road" front line, the annual Lunar New Year Dragon Boat Festival, the image of these animals also appear in God as the protection of the people wearing the vest, a vest and wear on the size of Xiangbao. It is now called them "Wudu", as they are in fact the original Titan's Shenzhi animals, later to become Wudu the secular. Wudu no upper body, since Daizaishenshang on the body, but Perry in the front and behind the protection of God which is usually the site, of course, comes blessing role. Chinese people in the natural environment for the survival of the most tough are the two festivals, one is the Dragon Boat Festival (the Gregorian calendar in late June), which is the longest day of the summer solstice the sun most poisonous season, plague rampant, the people of a deadly threat to survival , Therefore the people of these small animals requested by Titan, as the protection of God Daizaishenshang, from "Yidugongdu" means. And the winter solstice (the Gregorian calendar in late December) that day, is the longest night of the year in the day, legends of ghosts run rampant, as the sun god to the people of animals to chicken out, Ji double-double of the heads of chickens and chicken body with the grasping Ji Dolls and doll handle requests from Quguibixie. This was also the original culture of two rivers of Babylon, the ancient times that the westward spread into Europe and eastwards into China and integration with the Chinese culture, as several thousand years of Chinese folk art groups and cultural symbols.
Celestial body that is the Chinese folk art works not only to animal totem animal and Shen Chi world as the universe, mankind and the universe itself as the world Fitness. Chinese people attach great importance to the head. To the head of the universe as a whole, the top of the day, or binocular eyes to the sun and the moon as, for the chin, mouth and multiply for life in the universe and the source of the maternal womb, nose-to the Forum for Life树. This is also a common occurrence in the original culture, such as the Xi'an Banpo Yangshao culture of "people-including fish," the people face, the eyes of the Hemudu Culture, Hunan Gaomiao culture in the mouth Liaoya symbols are as a whole The human body and the overall universe of symbols.
Objects that the universe works of Chinese folk art "from nearly all body, far from all of" the concept of admission as the philosophy of the progressive things as the Forum raised Yang's positive symbol of life, as things down Depression Maternal womb negative symbol. Living in the basin containers, cans, bottles, pots, plates, can be the mother of the universe as a symbol, the Centre for Mufu uterus, Kouyan won for days, Quanzu as to form one day, and the integrity of the people Sancai The universe symbols. These containers in the central part Gufu the uterus, often decorated with yin and yang, or Shenzhi animal totem, such as dual-Tiger intersection, Beas intersection, or yin and yang symbol of the intersection of the animals were the first pair of tigers, two sheep were first, Ssangyong, or a total of the first world Consistency Ssangyong's total tiger-head, and so on, show a concept of Yin and Yang and Sang Sang symbol of the unity of philosophy. This cultural symbols, from primitive society of pottery, bronze ware of the Shang and Zhou slave society to the history of the civil court and artifacts, are the source to the same concept. Chinese people's "cosmic objects that" the concept of the unity of all containers from top to bottom hang closely together, the unity of heaven and earth are Yu universe, such as Daigai the pot, for the ampulla mother, and Hugai for days, the Forum Yang. Chinese folk art of "withholding bowl", for days, under, is the world, men and women from the intersection of the concept of symbols like the idea. In primitive society and cultural life of objects, all rotating logo, are the cycle, going philosophy of cultural symbols. The first human representative going symbols, is the twist of the yarn, pottery spinning wheel spin on the multiple variations of the word rotation million symbols. Taiyang Hua mother hyacinth and the universe in nature, the sun is the luminous body. Chinese folk art put plants in the centre of radiation to the surrounding petals also as a symbol of the sun password, such as chrysanthemums, roses, peonies, sunflower, and so on. Miao Digou 6000 before the Yangshao culture and the painted pottery of the Dawenkou Culture petals symbols, should be the first Chinese folk art in the sun to flower as a symbol of the password.
Buddhism came to China after the original culture and folk art in a Lotus. Lotus out of water, and water was described as the negative symbol. Folk art often to Peony Yu Yang Yu M, to Lotus Yu Yin Yu women. However, folk art, it can be interchangeable, such as the "Phoenix opera Peony," Peony here into a female, "vase lotus" in bottles of the universe is the mother of women, Lotus became the Tongtian Yang Tai Yanghua a positive. From primitive society to the culture of folk art, the concept of plant performance in order to take as many of the fruits and vegetables produce human symbol of the universe, all things maternal, is the hyacinth first appeared, Yangshao culture in the bottle gourds are a lot of pot I Tongtian mother of the universe, the folk art of gourds, pumpkins, grapes, pears, cabbage and more are the mother of the proliferation of symbols.

The theme of life and multiply

A human to survive, second, and multiply, multiply and the sense of life is a basic human sense of cultural awareness, folk art is also the basic cultural connotation. In fact life is to propagate awareness of awareness, and multiply the unlimited extension of life. Survival and reproduction, the expression is the most basic human desire. Down in life is to survive, want longevity, survival and longevity is a basic human desire, but to human health from the dead is an irresistible law of nature, so be pinning hopes on the eternal life after death, that is living longer, the deceased Eternal life of the basic human desire. This is one. Second, is to propagate. Although the living eternal life is a basic human desire, but it is practically impossible to achieve, to achieve human life, only to propagate, namely, the descendants of continued, Wanshi not Dai. So in essence, awareness of human reproduction is still life awareness. And the proliferation of bumper harvest for the good, long life to life. And Shou-fu, is the most basic of human cultural awareness, but also as human culture and arts groups the main content of folk art.
"Yin and yang phase and, chemical and biological things, all things going," the Chinese philosophy of primitive folk art in China is the philosophical foundation. Was born in the Chinese concept of yin and yang of the primitive society and the unity of the Chinese Sang Sang primitive philosophy, human life is to propagate awareness and awareness of the philosophy of sublimation, the yin and yang, consistency can produce all things human, and human things off is the eternal life. This is the Chinese nation's ancestors groups "from nearly all body, far from all of", by the observation of human beings to all things come to the conclusion of philosophy, but also from the original ethnic folk art to the art of basic cultural connotations. After the class society, human groups began to derivative material and spiritual wealth accumulation of possession, and the official formation of two social classes. Material wealth and spiritual wealth in the upper echelons of the relative concentration of affluent life, for survival has created better conditions, so the people in the groups began to appear in the "Paul (official pension) concept." Thus, the blessing from the original group, life as a basic concept of cultural connotation of Chinese folk art, for the development of good, TING, Paul unity among the secular culture of folk art. In particular economic, political and cultural development of the region, "Fu Lushou Samsung" as the main civil works of art can be described as can be seen everywhere; but traffic and relatively closed economy and culture of the original ecological geographical connotation of folk art, still life and blessing , That is the meaning of life and reproduction. For example, in northern Shaanxi in the lives of rural folk paper-cut produce content of the "lotus, and have children," the traffic of the Tianjin economic development, performance in the region-specific types of folk art - Tianjin willow Aoki version of New Year's pictures, on the development of an official by Paul Connotation of the "Lin Sheng son" and "five-Dengke." As the farming economy to the natural development of commodity economy, the importance of money becoming increasingly prominent. In folk art, folk art original ecosystem, "the tree of life", evolved into "money tree" and "Ju Baopen" As the secular culture of modern society, people no longer to fight for basic survival conditions of life, the ecological folk art Of life and multiply symbol faded, people with a happy life and the symbol Jixiangruyi homonym, ecological alternative to the original symbol of life and reproduction. Such as "Jixiangruyi", Ji Yu Ruyi and in-kind combination of performance awareness of life. Such as "all the best," Yu Ruyi two persimmon and the physical composition of the original content instead of going ecological and cultural symbols. Another example is "more than Kat Hing", Ji and physical composition of the fish, instead of the Tongtian Ji Yang, fish and more of the children and grandchildren continue going the contents by a number of multi-concept into surplus for the pursuit of life, financial prosperity-and also A "peace" to be a homonym with bottles and bottles could be replaced by the implication of many connotations. With the development of the times, the Chinese folk art, archaeology, as we can distinguish between the field operations of the same culture, every one of the works can be to distinguish its historical and cultural development of the times accumulation.
By the Chinese primitive society today, and the concept of Yin and Yang Sang Sang and all-pervasive infiltration of all the people in social life and national culture, and has become China's basic meaning of folk art. I am in China and the world of archaeological culture and folk culture found in the study: the cultural study in China, we must use "concept of yin and yang" and "Sang Sang concept" that the keys can open culture gene pool, but in Western countries of human culture During the inspection, only "Sang Sang concept of" one-key enough. In the West, yin and yang contradictions as the dialectics of the methodology, while in China they are fundamentally the ontology of the universe.

Chinese folk art in the same

Folk social life is the carrier of Chinese folk art, many of its categories, the art form of cultural connotation and is also extremely rich, but万变不离其宗, this case is a basic human and cultural awareness of Chinese origin philosophy.

China's six major characteristics of folk art

Chinese folk art is the Chinese people at large in order to meet their social needs and create a visual image of the arts. Folk art with the court, nobles, scholars and literati Painting Studio and the art of professional artists in terms of the relative. First, on its creators, it is the creation of hundreds of millions of workers of the arts groups, not a few professional artists to create art. It is the producer of art, not professional artists of the arts; It is amateur in nature, not a professional in nature.
Second, on its social function, it is mainly to include the production and living, daily life, life rituals, taboos and belief in their own artistic life, social life and the need to create, not for commodity production and to create the social and political needs.
Throughout history, from primitive society, Chinese groups in the workforce for their own need to create tools and appliances, housing and living at the same time, but also created a national arts groups. Class society, folk art derived from individual professional artists and arts, the resulting system of the Chinese nation two major arts and cultural and artistic heritage of the two, the former is from the beginning of the prehistoric culture of hundreds of millions of workers to create the cultural and artistic heritage groups, after Who is the individual identity of the professional artists and art created by masters of culture and arts heritage. The main Chinese art, is from these two parts and components and the two systems affect each other, parallel to move forward. From the national culture as a whole, civil culture and the arts are relatively stable, represents a major historical stages of the ethnic groups awareness, emotional and psychological characteristics of temperament. Folk arts and culture have eternal vitality, not cultural groups as long as the demise of the Chinese nation, national culture created by groups of folk art will never perish. China's traditional folk art will be the development of the times and development of human cultural development in the mutual exchanges with the impact of new embryonic folk art, will be the new materials and art forms, but万变不离其宗, this case is that the Chinese nation The primitive culture and primitive core philosophy, that is the culture of the Chinese nation.
Chinese folk art with six basic characteristics.
1, it is the creator of the Chinese nation at large groups.
2, which is to include the production of labor, daily life, life rituals, the festive customs, beliefs taboo Life and the arts, the social life of their own needs and create art.
3, its cultural content and artistic form, represents a group of Chinese national culture primitive world view, aesthetics, emotional temperament, psychological quality and the national spirit, reflects the primitive culture of the Chinese system of philosophy, the arts system, shape and color system System. Therefore, the more broad groups of folk art category, the more a reflection of the Chinese cultural connotation and primitive art forms, such as daily life and folklore groups and social life are closely linked to the surface flowers, paper cutting, clothing, embroidery, dyeing , Nuo-exorcise Nuo masks, folk paintings, pictures, Shadowgraph, puppets, toys, kites, with the lights Zhizha arts, drama Face of civil society, civil chess puzzle, civil ceramics, sculpture and residential areas of civil construction, decoration Travel And appliances, and other life.
4, it is the Chinese art of the mother. Chinese folk art was born in China's primitive society, in a few thousand years of long history, reflects the historical development of various stages of development of national culture and arts heritage, so it has a national cultural tradition of continuity.
5, it has a distinctive national identity with the geographical and cultural characteristics.
6, art created by the use of tools and materials are readily available, Jiudiqucai, with the rural nature of the regional economic characteristics.
In short, China is China's national folk art in the art of the most extensive and most closely related to social life, the most abundant historical and cultural connotations, the most broad geographical, ethnic geographical characteristics of the most distinctive ancient representative of the cultural patterns. It contains our nation from primitive society to a Qibaqiannian today's historical and cultural accumulation, from nature worship and totem worship, the original ancestor worship and cultural monuments until the modern culture of the people of the commodity economy, such as archaeological excavations in the distinction between cultural layer Like, even in the works can be a distinction between different historical periods and cultural connotation of accumulation, it can say it is a national history and culture of living fossils and museums. Chinese folk art in the definition of the concept there are some misunderstanding, there is a need to be pointed out that:
First, that "the arbitrariness of artistic creation" is a Chinese folk
The basic characteristics of art, I do not think so. Because the Chinese literati paintings also arbitrary, professional artists are also arbitrary practices of art and artistic style, it can not be used to define the concept of folk art. Moreover, folk art style approach is also very rich, are not arbitrary.
Second, that "decorative deformation" China is the basic characteristic of folk art, I do not think yes. China is not deformed because of decorative folk art style tactics by the unique, professional artists have decorated in the style of deformation practices. Schools in modern art, decorative deformation almost become a fashion trend of the times and can not therefore be called folk art. Moreover, the most fundamental is not decorated and deformation, but in how decorative and how deformation. Chinese folk art of decorative art form deformation, is primitive by the Chinese system of philosophy, art and aesthetics system decided by the art form, the Chinese professional artists and art is different, and modern Western art genre is the decoration is essentially different from the deformation The.
Third, some professional artists to the study of folk art, so that their works of art with folk art style, so that their art is folk art, folk art is also his home, in fact, this is confusing is the producer of folk art The arts, is the producer of hundreds of millions of working groups for their own social life of service to this basic concept to define. Even reached a "fake people" artistic effect, it should be said is still professional painter of modern art, and can not be called folk art and folk artists.
Fourth, folk art and crafts are two different concepts, can not be confused. Folk arts and crafts folk art is in a stronger and even some of the skills of folk art, folk art .
Does not necessarily have a process and the value of technology and civil process is a process of folk art. Folk art and crafts is being inclusive and tolerant relations.
Fifth, folk art and folk art. Folk is the carrier of folk art, folk art is the perspective of art, folk art is folk perspective, the perspective is different. From the perspective of folk customs, folk art can also call it folk art.

Chinese folk art: primitive culture and the cultural symbols of heritage

In the early 1970s, in order to more in-depth study of Chinese folk art, I left the long-term job as the Higher Academy of Fine Arts and Institute of the Arts, came to the upper reaches of the Yellow River in Yan'an reside. This is on the Loess Plateau is a brilliant historical and cultural traditions, and later closed because of traffic and culture, so as to preserve an extremely strong Chinese primitive culture of the land. Yan'an in the grassroots masses Museum of Art and heritage management work of the Committee 13 years, I had the opportunity to conduct in-depth folk arts, folk customs, folk culture of field visits and cultural and archaeological excavations on the census, cultural, archaeological culture and history Legend of Ancient History of Literature combination, mutual proven way to enter China primitive culture and philosophy of the deep primitive areas. , I also from the Yellow River valley into the Yangtze River, Liaohe River, Pearl River Basin, Xinjiang completed by the Shandong and Taiwan, from Heilongjiang to Hainan Island in the field of culture nationwide inspection; Since the 1990s, I am from China to India, Pakistan, the West Asian countries, Turkey, Egypt, from Europe to America, folk culture, archaeology and cultural history and culture of field visits to the Chinese folk art from primitive to the Chinese culture and philosophy of primitive, placed in human Cultural background, the culture of human common sense and unique ethnic culture and primitive primitive philosophy.
In the upper reaches of the Yellow River in the Loess Plateau of the ravine in rural areas, paper cutting, embroidery and the art of flower shape as the representative of the protection of God as a totem of all animal-based turtles, snakes, fish, frog, half of the turtles are Banshou people face, Yishen people face, supposed people face, frogs are people face, and all-round-the personification of God "grasping Ji dolls", it is overwhelming. These folk art works accumulated by the matriarchal society to the patriarchal social and cultural development and evolution of the totem course of the three, I think the beginning of a cultural totem ancient world, entered a group of ancient tribal cultural center. In the upper reaches of the Yellow River in Shaanxi Xi'an Banpo cultural underground archaeological excavations unearthed in Yangshao culture 6,000 years ago painted pottery on the Beas people face patterns and pottery pots on the so-called "net" symbols, remains popular today here in the rural areas; life as a God, and multiply, the god of life and symbols of supernatural symbol of today still live in people's social life. Similarly, the upper reaches of the Yellow River in Qinghai unearthed in 5000 before the Majiayao culture hand in hand painted pottery pots on five of the so-called "dancing doll," painted symbols, the people here today witch popular paper-cut art, was still calling back the soul of evil spirits as life God, "five dolls" (God five parties in the South and the North East and West), active in the rural social life. Underground archaeological relics unearthed will not speak, but now here are still living in the Loess Plateau in the Lao Tainiang cave for them to make a doubt, because in today's witch folk customs and social life, they still use these five 6000BC before the cultural symbols password. When I complete the study into the Yellow River culture Yangtze River basin, the depth to the middle reaches of the Yangtze River in Hunan, Jiangxi, Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake in Jiangxi Pingxiang between the rural, then in full swing "Wuli a Nuo God (Nuo God Temple), a General Wangsimni (Nuo the temple of God) "Nuo-Nuo opera-Nuo exorcise Nuo culture, and people wearing face masks horns Shenzhu the personification of God Pan Gu" jungle ", but also made me feel like entering a group of ancient tribal totem witch world culture .
China's ancient history documented by the legendary ancient history, this area was wearing a copper head horns Ngau Tau personal totem masks to Chiyou for the leaders of the three tribal groups MILLER Jiuli the center of this band and the ground floor of the Shang Dynasty unearthed Nuo bronze horns and face masks Taofan, has been confirmed to each other. In the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in Guizhou Miaozhai mountains, is popular with people face to mask the main horns of God "jungle" Nuo-Nuo opera-Nuo exorcise Nuo culture. Miao totem of the cattle that Tauren the personification of God Chiyou (Pangu "jungle") is their ancestors, the ancestral home in Hunan, Jiangxi area; Guizhou Nuo Miaozhai no ancient temple, but not the underground unearthed bronze masks and horns Taofan mask, confirmed the original ancestors of the Miao nationality is not here, is Chiyou and Yanhuang tribal groups after World War II defeat from Hunan, Jiangxi border area here quite Liuxi to the historical legends.
Alive the folk culture such as Chinese folk art can be as the study of Chinese culture of primitive living fossil. For the study of Chinese history and culture, primarily through the archaeologist with the Archaeological Finds of cultural sites to explore and study, the historians mainly through the study of historical documents written records. But not speak archaeological artifacts, historical documents, ancient history, legends difficile opinion authenticity, as neither seen archaeological excavations, historical documents not seen a cultural phenomenon, a complete blank on the issues. China, known as the four ancient civilizations of mankind, its long-standing historical and cultural traditions, there have been no cultural faults, it has many of the nation, a vast area of land and other unique historical and geographical conditions, in its folk arts, folk culture Folk culture, still maintains an extremely rich and ancient history and culture remains. Especially those of Chinese civilization, as the ancestor of several tribal groups primitive society the geographical birthplace of the clan culture, history has there been brilliant cultural peak of the clan, was due to natural and manmade disasters natural ecology has been seriously damaged, a closed and traffic of cultural closed Geographical. In these regions the cultural and social life, including civil works of art, can still see the very rich and the ecological integrity of the original primitive Chinese culture and philosophy of primitive form of expression. Underground relics unearthed will not speak on the heritage of living for them to make a stunning interpretation. Scholars 100 Spring and Autumn as the source of the philosophy of the Chinese system of philosophy primitive, folk culture is still as the philosophical foundation and the main content, pervasive, comprehensive accumulation of ethnic groups in social life, accumulated in the various folk art Works.
Chinese folk art in rural working women as the main body of China's rural areas to create hundreds of millions of working masses of the civil culture and the arts, culture and arts groups, arts and culture of the Chinese nation is the mother. It into ethnic groups in the Community, the festive customs, taboos and beliefs in life rituals of social life; it is from primitive society to today's China primitive culture heritage renewal, and have a distinct national identity and geographical features of it is Chinese culture in the form of the longest history, the masses of the most extensive and most distinctive geographic features, historical and cultural connotations of the most abundant one of a long history of cultural patterns. Its cultural content and artistic form, the Chinese nation from primitive society to today's Qibaqiannian for the historical and cultural accumulation. So its value far beyond its own artistic value, with rich and profound philosophy, aesthetics, art science, archaeology, history, ethnology, sociology and the study of human culture, and so on multidisciplinary cultural values. From the national culture as a whole, Chinese folk art reflects the philosophy of the entire nation, cultural awareness, emotional and psychological quality of temperament. Life and reproduction is the universe of things all the instincts, awareness and to propagate life is a basic human sense of cultural awareness, and thus for the distillation of the chaos of yin and yang, yin and yang, consistency, chemical and biological things, all things going primitive philosophy of the Chinese world view. This concept of Yin and Yang and Sang Sang of China's reunification of the primitive system of philosophy, was born in China Liuqiqiannian before the primitive society, a primitive Chinese culture the core of the universe. Human Genetic rely on the genetic inheritance of all human culture heritage, is also on the national cultural heritage of that nation primitive culture and philosophy of the primitive tradition, the Chinese folk art reflects the culture on the Memory, this book will also introduce this point of view and interpretation of Chinese folk art.