Books, paper, printing, is a three-dimensional treasures, the development and accumulation of human civilization, the dissemination of scientific and cultural knowledge and promote the friendship between the various ethnic groups, very great credit. Printing is a complex and lengthy topic. What we are talking about printing, is spread to the rest of the world's two Block printing and print technology, which is Bi Sheng ( «- about 1051) concluded on the basis of previous experience of the invention. Block printing about the invention of the Sui and Tang dynasties, from as early as the Spring and Autumn period has been the invention of stone seals and extension of the two methods developed. The invention of paper, ink, the invention of printing to explore and perfect the Block played a facilitating role. Block printing method is: craftsmen first paste or resin coated on the board, and then write a text posted on the board translucent manuscript paper, the word has become the anti-body, carved the words carved on the board, let Highlight the word out, painted on the Mexican layout,覆上paper, brush lightly with a special brush, text printed on the board on the. China's earliest Block print Yizongxiantong 2009 is the Tang Dynasty (868), "The King Kong." Five Dynasties period, the Government's large-scale cultural institutions Marker ancient culture books, civil Marker is also very popular. Song Marker of another Buddhist classics "Tripitaka", Block of as many as 130,000. But this is too Fannan Block printing, a book often have to spend years of efforts, the Thai version of good films have a good large storage room. Block printing first spread to Korea and Japan, Japan has still kept the year 770, Block printing, "Tuo Luoni by." Block printing in the 12th century spread to Egypt, the 14th century spread to Europe.
Bisheng like
The times call for the birth of print! Song Bisheng living in the heyday Block printing times, but he no longer satisfied with this extremely complex printing techniques, through long-term practice and arduous explorations, and finally successfully invented a print of this section is economical and practical time-saving The printing method. Until the 20th century before the prevalence of type typesetting and printing was completed the principles of the invention is completely in line. Shen Kuo (1031-1095), "Meng Xi Bi Tan," Vol 18, briefly and reliable manner, a complete recording of specific printing methods. He means the three main steps: First, lettering, the first in the clay characters on Kechu Pit-word, used fire hard and become a single clay characters, according to Yun part of a special type of wood was placed on standby, the second is Do version, the characters in accordance with the script in a row Wai Mimi iron box on the plate, a plate on the pre-Fushang Rosin, wax, wax resin mixed Zhihui, get the fire on a roast, fat-burning To melt into the characters printed on wax fat, and then a pressure-plate, and remove those characters on a piece of wax fat has been printed version of the orthographic; Third, printing, in order to improve efficiency in using this piece of wax fat version Printing at the same time, another piece of typesetting plate began, the use of two alternate version, the printing speed. His characters wooden, the characters are set in accordance with commonly used words and the words were Shengpi Making a different number, for typesetting done version of use. Shen Kuo excitedly wrote: "If this is printed Shibai Qian, very rapidly." Bi, future generations inherit his creation, also invented a wooden characters. Wang Zhen-famous agronomist Yuan Dynasty in his monograph, "the farmers" in the full account of his own creation. Wang Zhen also invented an extremely effective freedom of the printing rotation roulette, a person can sit between the two roulette, free and smooth the removal of any one of the characters into the version. Wang Zhen did a test, one of the more than 60,000 words, "Jingde County Zhi", less than a month of work, has published a 100, which at the time, is a very great achievement! Wang Zhen, the board print has been very popular in China, the Ming and Qing dynasties more prevalent. Qianlong 38 years (1773), the Qing government spent over 250,000 Zaomukecheng size printing, has printed ", said Wu Yingdian-series version of" 138 kinds, a total of over 2,300 volumes, this is the history of China's largest Woodcut printing a printed book. Woodcut print, printing and researchers have invented a metal printing, the first year of the Ming Dynasty Hongzhi (1488) a copper printing, the early 16th century, has emerged lead characters.
1974 County of Shanxi should be unearthed Liao Dynasty Block printed treasures, "Yao Chi Sheng-9 map"
Albert mud Huozi Ban (model)
Print of the 14th century spread to Korea and Japan, around 1450, the German Gutenberg (Johnnes Gutenberg, about 1390 to 1399-1468) to follow the principle of China's initial print made from the lead characters.
Wang Zhen-design invention of the runner-typesetting (model)
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